Examining The History Of Judaism Religion Essays

Examining The History Of Judaism Religion Essays Examining The History Of Judaism Religion Essay Examining The History Of Judaism Religion Essay The Judaism has one long flight of more than four thousand old ages, and is one faith that it has had great influence in the history of the humanity. The Judaic cult has a significance of the forfeit that is non easy to understand, due to its status of mobile and sufriente town that seems destined to expatriate. Its tradition is like a cast in which the life of its faithfuls turns upside down, who seem non to necessitate to look for their ain flight. Esteem that in the universe are about 15 million Jews, that do non stand for a excessively great proportion of the global population, without trade stoppage is about impossible to include/understand the history of the universe civilized without analysing in item this faith. The impact deeper than causes the Jews in ours civilization it is the influence of its manner to believe on the basic jobs of the being. The Judaism, with its construct of an lone God, can be considered the beginning of faiths monotheists who appeared many centuries subsequently, like the Christianity and the Islam. Throughout the history of this faith, their faithfuls have undergone many troubles ; from expatriate to the Nazi extinction. However, this belief has shown to hold the necessary opposition like get the better ofing all the ups and downs during 1000s of old ages and continuing its atemporal kernel. The historical probes have agreed every bit far as the beginning of the Hebrew town, sing it falling of the amorreo town that inhabited the part of the Mesopotamia in the antiquity ; and it is likely that the Hebrew word is related to the Semitic towns. The history of this faith begins with Abraham, who by Godhead authorization leaves the Earth of his parents and travels shortly to Egypt and to Jerusalem, religious and political centre of Israel. Abraham for the Jews is the symbol of the adult male of a so steadfast religion that until she is arranged to give his boy as proves of its unconditioned bringing to God. He is the adult male who settles down the confederation between God and the town of Israel on the engaged Earth. The 2nd phase of the history of the Jews is developed with the advocacy of Mois A ; eacute ; s, with that God ratifies the confederation. The Hebrews, harmonizing to the Bible, settle down in Egypt in their hunt of nutrients and districts of pasturing, but subsequently they are enslaved. In century XIII a. of C. , Mois A ; eacute ; s, that had been bred in Egypt, leads the hegira that releases to the Judaic town of the bondage and it takes counsel to it by him to the desert. In Monte Sina A ; iacute ; it is where Mois A ; eacute ; s experiences the vision of alone God, that will divide it to he himself from its heathen beliefs, in a plagued universe of confusion and superstitious notion. The Judaism is non based on a prophesier or savior but on the thought of a town chosen by God. Once settled down in districts of Caanan, the Jews organize themselves in 12 folks and from the period of the Judgess begins at that place, that will last about two hundred old ages until the reaching of David, king who will unite the Nation under a alone authorization with Jerusalem like Capital. The 3rd rhythm is the period of the male monarchs, whose more outstanding figure is Salom A ; oacute ; n, that makes construct the celebrated temple to Jehovah in twelvemonth 950 a. of C. To the decease of Salom A ; oacute ; n, the land is divided in two, Israel of Norte and Jud A ; aacute ; to the South, and from that minute it begins a phase of decay and decomposition and is when they appear the prophetic Prophetss and schools, that are the guards of that faith. The Prophetss warn to the Jews about the moral crisis and religious that reigns but they are non able to unify them in the religion and eventually this rhythm finishes with the tragic conquering of the lands of Israel and Jud A ; aacute ; at foreign custodies, the scattering of the town and expatriate. However, to the present clip, the Hebrews have been present at all the times and all the continents of the universe. The Judaism is one faith revealed and its content one is in the Tor A ; aacute ; , revealed sacred book to the work forces by God. The Bible of the Jews is a set of books made up of three cardinal parts: 1 ) The Tor A ; aacute ; or Pentateuco, that includes the G A ; eacute ; nesis, the Exodus, the Lev A ; iacute ; tico, the Numbers and the Deuteronomio. 2 ) The books of the Prophets. Previous and the Later 1s. The Previous 1s contain the history of Joshua, Judges, Samuel I and II and Kings I and II. The Later 1s contain the visions of Isaiah, Jerem A ; iacute ; as, Ezequiel and the 12. 3 ) The Writings, that contain Hymns, Orations, Psalms, Proverbs and others. The Judaic sacred books include in add-on many aggregations and pacts that reunite theological plants and of legal content like the Talmud. The Talmud is made up of two denominated book sets the Mishn A ; aacute ; and the Guemar A ; aacute ; . The Mishna contains the Torahs for the day-to-day life and the regulations of the Tor A ; aacute ; . The Guemar A ; aacute ; explains the Mishna and codifies the Torahs. The signifier to understand God of the Jews gave the possibility them of including/understanding the significance of the life. A God that the head of the adult male neer will be able to conceive of wholly, Godhead of the being that for coming from God is good. Since the adult male is done to his image and similarity, the Jews could include/understand profoundly to the world, of a manner different from the towns that surrounded them, that endiosaban each one of the powers of the nature. civilization Western it has the same vision of the nature of the Judaism, without negative facets, nor defects. This positive facet of the nature, that denies its opposite one, and the paper of the adult male in her is the constructs more first-class than they contrast with faiths Eastern. The adult male, harmonizing to the Bible is made of dust and deity and its chief property is the free will and its right to doubt. At the minute, the Judaism is made up of several currents: The Orthodox 1 The Conservative and The Liberal 1 The twenty-four hours of remainder and jubilation of jud A ; iacute ; s is the Sabat, that is when the household meets around the tabular array, where ignites tapers and chows. In the Sabat, all must be tidy, boring and to reflect his better apparels ; to go forth all labour activity, to rest and to pattern the cult. The fate of illustriousness of the Jews was work of God, That chose them like couriers of Its Word, to seed in its posterities that Truth. The Jews acquired, thanks to their duty like town, the privilege of to be chosen, since it was a community that neer was put under nor backed down and that continued looking for the significance of its immoralities without mending in the hard thing of its state of affairs. The life for the Jews is a challenge and has a important form that it is non easy to see, but the manner can be found to confront the anguish and the troubles, of a manner that takes to happen new skylines to us. For the Jews, the scruples arises from the experience with God, that allows them to work out the struggle between the purpose of history and the manner to digest to us in the universe. The Jews insist on the importance of justness, because where it exists unfairness can non last no society. The Judaism is an cultural faith, that is that is born Jewish. The Christianity arises by the necessity that those truths belonged to the universe and they did non stay privative of a individual town.

Sample Short Answer Essay for a College Application

Sample Short Answer Essay for a College Application The Common Application no longer requires a short answer essay from all applicants, but many colleges continue to include the short answer as part of a supplement. The short answer essay prompt typically states something like this: Briefly elaborate on one of your extracurricular activities or work experiences. Colleges like this type of question because it gives their applicants the opportunity to identify an activity that is meaningful to them and to explain why it is meaningful. This information can be useful to colleges with holistic admissions as they try to identify students who will bring interesting skills and passions to the campus community. Sample Short Answer Essay Christie wrote the following sample short answer essay to elaborate upon her love of running: It is the simplest of movements: right foot, left foot, right foot. It is the simplest of actions: run, relax, breathe. For me, running is both the most basic and the most complex activity I perform in any day. While my body adjusts to the challenges of gravel paths and steep inclines, my mind is free to drift, to sift through whatever needs sorting or disposing- the upcoming days tasks, an argument with a friend, some nagging stress. As my calf muscles loosen and my breathing settles into its deep rhythm, I am able to release that stress, forget that argument, and set my mind in order. And at the midway point, two miles into the course, I stop at the hilltop vista overlooking my little town and the surrounding woodlands. For just a moment, I stop to listen to my own strong heartbeat. Then I run again. Critique of the Short Answer Essay The author has focused on a personal activity, running, not any history-making achievement, team triumph, world-changing social work, or even a formal extracurricular activity. As such, the short answer essay does not highlight any kind of remarkable accomplishment or personal talent. But think about what this short answer essay does reveal- the author is someone who can find pleasure in the simplest of activities. She is someone who has found an effective way for dealing with stress and finding peace and equilibrium in her life. She reveals that she is in tune with her self and her small town environment. This one little paragraph gives us the impression that the author is a thoughtful, sensitive, and healthy person. In a short space, the essay reveals the maturity of the writer- she is reflective, articulate, and balanced. These are all dimensions of her character that will not come across in her lists of grades, test scores, and extracurricular activities. They are also personal qualities that will be attractive to a college. The writing is also solid. The prose is tight, clear, and stylistic without being over-written. The length is a perfect  823 characters and 148 words. This is a typical length limit for a short-answer essay. That said, if your college is asking for just 100 words or something longer, be sure to follow their instructions carefully. Role of Essays and Your College Application Keep in mind the role of any essays, even short ones, that you submit with your college application. You want to present a dimension of yourself that isnt readily apparent elsewhere in your application materials. Reveal some hidden interest, passion, or struggle that will give the admissions folks a more detailed portrait of yourself. The college has asked for a short essay because it has holistic admissions; in other words, the school tries to evaluate the whole applicant through both quantitative (grades, test scores, rank) and qualitative (essays, interview, extracurricular activities). A short answer essay gives the college a useful window into the applicants interests. Christie succeeds on this front. For both the writing and the content, she has written a winning short answer essay. You may want to explore another example of a  good short answer on working at Burger King  as well as learn lessons from a  weak short answer on soccer  and a  weak short answer on entrepreneurship. In general, if you follow the advice on writing a winning short answer and avoid common short answer mistakes, your essay will strengthen your application and help make you an attractive candidate for admission.

Behavioural Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Behavioural Finance - Essay Example It is very clear that some of the participants in the market do not make rational decisions which translate to mistakes. However, astute market players get the chance to capitalize on such mistakes. For instance, a rational investor can take the decision to buy when there is market crash resulting from speculative behavior (Mussweiller & Schneller, 2003, p. 124). Given a risk-adjusted basis, rational investors can beat market performance in a consistent manner. According to the perfect market hypothesis, prices reflect the full information about the market. This has the implication that an investor cannot beat the market unless he or she has inside information. A number of indices have been created with the aim of mimicking market performance. Research studies indicate that index funds account for almost 10 percent of the U.S. stock market capitalization and 60 percent of the money flowing into mutual funds. Despite the increasing euphoria towards passive management, there is active management which has enabled investors beat market bearing returns. Behavioral finance insists that investors are irrational in their decisions and that it is easy to partly predict future performance of stocks using their past performance. Careful analysis of the past trends of the tocks has the advantage of making it possible to outperform the market (Mulino, Scheelings, Brooks & Faff, 2009, p. 50). Rational investors can outperform because there exists inefficiencies in the capital market which create investment opportunities. Rational investors outperform the market because irrational investors often find themselves in the bottom part of the distribution pattern. There is some level of disconnection between stock performance and stock market valuation. The existence of irrational investors has resulted in the markets being driven by emotions rather than logic (Dreman, Johnson, MacGregor & Slovic, 2001, p. 127). However, research studies indicate that logic often triumphs over em otions. Irrational investors tend to lose while logic investors record gains. Most of the investors in the market do not bother to look at the fine details of their investment portfolios. Instead they look for information such as who are investing in the same portfolio and this has the negative effect of encouraging wrong decisions. There are a number of situations that a rational investor can exploit and record superior performance that the market. Theoretically, this is possible even though no investor has ever recorded consistent returns above market expectations (Statman, Fisher & Anginer, 2008). First, a rational investor can do a comprehensive homework and identify small cap stocks that in most cases are not well followed. Such stocks are often ignored by equity funds because of the fear of high risks associated with small companies. Furthermore, such companies are not well known in Wall Street and this makes it possible for most of the investors to ignore them (Caginalp, 2002 , p. 73). A rational investor can identify such companies and analyze their prospects for superior returns. The small cap firms have a potential of recording higher returns than the market because their true value has not been influenced by speculations. Second, the market sometimes overdoes its pessimism for a number of individual companies as well as certain sectors (Bruce, 2003, p. 125). The situation

Effectiveness of Executive Compensation Scheme Assignment

Effectiveness of Executive Compensation Scheme - Assignment Example The Tournament theory suggested that a small and a minute difference in ability basically leads towards high compensation. In simple terms, this definition basically fails to consider the main and the important significance of the executive compensation scheme or ECS in the overall governance of the organizations, for instance how and why these kinds of different bonuses are basically awarded and what actual benchmark is used.   ECS have basically four main and important components which are:- The base fixed salary.- The stock options.- The long term incentive plans.- The annual bonuses which are usually being monetary or shares.All the stock options are normally based on the company's overall performance. Although the presentation and the features of the stock option are usually vivid and clear, the exact amount of the compensation can also be unclear as the amount could have been set many years ago and the share prices may also have changed. Furthermore, the executives may circum vent this in order to improve their performance with the help of accounting decisions in the earlier years before the turnover, which basically increases the reported results, or with the help of income-smoothing practice, which basically borrows the income from the future.   Bonuses are basically shown separately to the share options in the company proxy statements. Although the cash compensation and all the other types of the compensation are disclosed separately in different other places like footnotes it is therefore termed as the complexity of the separation that can usually cause the reports to be more unclear for all the shareholders long term interest.   This basically suggests that the executives wield at least some kind of pressure on both the level and also on the structure of their compensation.   For instance, most large US firms have a well-organized remuneration committee which basically consists of two or more two outside directors.   Although all the major d ecisions which are related to the top-level compensation are passed through this organized committee, the committee then rarely conducts the market studies of the competitive compensation levels or the initiates or they propose new ECS or the executive compensation schemes.

Study Is Bitter but Its Fruits Are Sweet Essay Example for Free

Study Is Bitter but Its Fruits Are Sweet Essay My journey started about 6 years back and is still developing to this day. Six years ago I weighed in at approximately 270 pounds, or that is when I stopped getting on a scale! My outward image was on a larger scale, but in my opinion, not a 270 pound scale. I was an active teenager who participated in all sports. I loved the sport atmosphere, but hated to put in the hard work, so I paid in many other ways. My weight increased and my performance went down. After sports, my activity level steadily declined with many excuses in tail. Jobs, school, and friends seemed to take precedence over my health and weight. Then the big life changing moment came for me, I got married. Married life took a toll on me personally, you get comfortable as well as my schedule, which was no longer just about me. About a year in to my new life, I was finding myself unhappy at times and even dissatisfied with myself. I knew this feeling was in relation to my weight gains so I decided to try a new regime which included some exercise and changed eating habits, or what some call a â€Å"diet.† Well like most people who set out to loose weight with an improper mind set, I slacked off here and there and eventually dropped the entire workout, eat healthy scenario! It wasn’t until I had my son that it all made sense to me. Yes, I needed to be healthy for myself, but I also had someone else depending on me to be healthy. With this new found motivation, I started walking. That was all I could physically do at the time, but you have to start somewhere. I progressively added on to my normal walking routine, and even challenged myself to do the unthinkable, run! I never thought of myself as a runner, partially because I never wanted to work that hard. With small goals of either weight loss or the addition of laps ran, I progressively started to see a change. This routine continued for about a year, in which I took off about 70-75 pounds. This was a great accomplishment for me personally, but I wanted more for myself physically. With my plateau in full force, I decided to add in weights to my routine. I even added a variety of aerobics classes to my workout to give it diversity so that boredom did not set in. I found out through trial and error that things have to be changed up every now and then or your body stays where it is at and the results you desire are no longer coming. With this new found lifestyle, I managed to drop about 100-110 pounds and gain a more positive outlook on life. With all of the changes that I made to my outer appearance, I made many to my inner self too. I feel that loosing the weight was a stepping stone, a very steep stepping stone, which allowed me to venture out into a foreign location, the â€Å"healthy world† and discover a new life. With the weight loss I was able to do many more physical activities for myself and for my family. I once considered myself an inner athlete, this being when I was sedentary. I knew in my heart that I could be active, but did not want to try, due to the fear of failure. I set small but achievable goals along the years, as well as some that were pretty large. Never thinking of myself as a runner, I completed 1 full marathon and 2 half marathons along with becoming a certified aerobics instructor. Looking back at who I was and who I am now, we are two different people who needed each other to create the end product. I personally feel that I had to experience the weight gain to appreciate who I am now and to help drive myself to stay this way. Everyone is different in this area. Some may never experience weight gains of 100 pounds or more, but whatever the weight gain may be, that addition to one’s body can be damaging to physical activity and appearance as well as your health. My goal with telling my personal weight journey is to show other people that it can be done at any weight or age if it is something you truly want. I also want to show that it doesn’t matter how long it takes or the many tries you may encounter along the way, you have to persevere through the hardships to reach success, just as everyone does with life. Take your own personal journey to discover and appreciate who you are and who you want to be!

Jamaica Kincaids On Seeing England for the First Time :: On Seeing England for the First Time

Imagine your culture being thrown aside and a new one was all that was taught to you? How would you react to it? In this story the author, Jamaica Kincaid, is talking about how she reacted to this and what happened to her. The author grows up in a place where England colonization had taken place. She grew up in Antigua, a small island in the Caribbean. She is taught all her life about England, a place she has never seen. At an early age she started to realize that the English had taken over her culture. After many years of hating this country she had to see the place that had taught her a different culture and ideas. When she arrives there the hate for the country tripled and she starts to pick apart the entire place and everywhere she goes. As she moves through the countryside her feelings of hate start to show them self’s in her thought and words. The feeling of deja vu, she has been there before, starts to come in after all of the years of maps and description of the foreig n land. Through the use of emotional arguments and social appeal the author, Kincaid, gets the feeling across that she was a victim of England. To get you to feel like the victim she uses lots of metaphors. In the first paragraph she uses the one, â€Å"England was a special jewel all right and only special people got to wear it†(p.61). It is right here that the author sets the tone of the essay. She gives you the idea that she was not special enough to put on this gem of England. In doing this she makes a social appeal to anyone looking for a view of colonization. In using descriptive language she make you feel sorry for her in the how she had to â€Å"Draw a map of England†(p.63), at the end of every test. Everything she had was â€Å"Made in England†(p.62). It is here that Kincaid is trying to appeal to your emotions. She is trying to get you to think that she had no choice in her life about what kind of cloths she could where. Think of everything you own and where it is from. In her life every possible thing she had was from England. Once again Kincaid is trying to make England look like the evil country that ruined her life.

Environmental Justice and Sustainability Essay

Alex Steffen and Sarah Rich, executive editors of the bright green environmentalist online magazine WorldChanging recently observed that while environmental movements have focused primarily on confronting the ecological injustices that have become a historical trademark of industrialization, it has made little of a name for itself in addressing the social injustice that is also a part of environmental degradation. (Steffen & Rich, 2007) Steffen and Rich remark, â€Å"the environmental movement has grown and become known (at least early on) more for its vehement advocacy for whales and rainforests than for disenfranchised citizens† noting that the latter is generally regarded as a concern of other movements related to social justice and civil rights. However, they note that it has become increasingly apparent that social injustice and environmental degradation are inextricably related to one another. (Steffen & Rich, 2007) While many cities have begun to embrace the concept of sustainability into their policies, few have taken environmental justice into account. Van Jones neatly summarized the issue of environmental justice when he declared at last year’s Green Festival in Chicago, â€Å"Who are we going to take with us, and who are we going to leave behind? † Jones concern was that the environmental movement is divided between the rich and the poor. (Anderson, 2007) As such, any definition of sustainability must take the social dimensions of environmental damage into account, for the degradation of the environment is in fact, a civil injustice. Sustainability must embrace environmental justice by letting â€Å"environment† stand not just for concerns over resources, pollution and biodiversity but concerns over equitable distribution of resources, human health and racial equality. (Steffen & Rich, 2007) The city of San Francisco has embraced the United Nations definition of sustainability and has conclusively inferred that sustainability means social equity as much as it does environmental responsibility. However, it is also rather vague about what social equitability means. (Magilavy, 2008) Sustainability policies should declare that improvements and protection of environmental welfare should be applied without discrimination. They should declare that resources are distributed equally and access to justice over environmental matters should be available to all, and that participation and decision making should be not limited to an exclusive demographic class or ethnicity. Likewise, environmental injustices such as the systemically inequitable distribution of wealth, the discriminatory improvement of environment, or the denial of access to information and participation in decision making in environmental-related policies should be covered by sustainability policies. As such, if the heart of sustainability’s definition is concern for the ecosystem and life within it, then it also includes the human beings who are part of it as well. The goal of sustainability should then be the achievement of the longevity of human and planet welfare, rather than just environmental protectionism by another name. The Global Footprint Network defines ‘ecological debt’ as the sum of all deficits in the biocapacity of the planet, and asserts that humanity’s demands on the planet is continuously exceeding that biocapacity. As such, the Network contends that we are in a state of overshoot, placing greater demands on nature than can it regenerate. (Global Footprint Network, 2008) This concept is crucial to the conception of environmental justice. Sustainability metrician Mathis Wackernagel (co-founder of The Global Footprint Network) has theorized that an equitable distribution of planetary capital would mean that our ‘fair share’ would have to be limited in addition to being sustainable. As such, Alex Steffen argues that the essence of sustainability is using the planet’s resource capital to create investments such that the same capital exists for future generations, anything else is unjust. (Steffen, 2006) Ecological democracy is an important means of achieving sustainability and environmental justice. To ensure that the environmental welfare of all individuals, regardless of race, class or gender is accounted for and that it is not done at the expense of planetary capital and the environmental welfare of future generations, decisions must be made that are free from the influence of the economic elite, racial factions, political forces and other special interests. In other words, the decisions to be made about the future of the environment must be done democratically to ensure that all have a say in the control of their local environment. Sustainability begins with environmental justice, which in turn is possible only with ecological democracy. The only alternative to such a form of environmentalism is a continuing perpetuation of inegalitarian systems, where we save the planet not for future generations, not for our fellow men, but for ourselves. REFERENCES Anderson, D. (2007, April 22) Dispatch from Greenfest Chicago: Van Jones on Green Collar Jobs and Our Shared Future, Part 1. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://davidanderson. greenoptions. com/2007/04/22/dispatch-from-greenfest-chicago-van-jones-on-green-collar-jobs-and-our-shared-future-part-i/ Global Footprint Network. Glossary. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. footprintnetwork. org/gfn_sub. php? content=glossary Magilavy, B. (2008) Sustainability Plan. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://sustainable-city. org/Plan/Intro/intro. htm Steffen, A. & Rich, S. (2007, May 28) Principle 17: Environmental Justice. Worldchanging. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. worldchanging. com/archives/006778. html Steffen, A. (Ed. ) (2006) Worldchanging: A User’s Guide for the 21st Century. New York: Abrams, Inc.

Ap World History Compare and Contrast

During the post-classical time period, both the Umayyad and Mongol empires rose to the height of their power through many similarities and differences. For example, both dynasties expanded by militaristic advances, but a single man was responsible for the rise of the Mongols and they also supported all faiths unlike the Umayyad. The Mongol founder, Genghis Khan, conquered surrounding nomadic tribes and brought them under his rule through extensive military conquest.Over the entire rise of the Mongols, they gained Asia, Russia, the Middle East and parts of Europe all as territories. In fact, the land Genghis had obtained was so vast that it had to be broken up into to four kingdoms upon his death. To conquer new lands, the Mongols were experts on horseback and were known for their cruel and barbaric torturing rituals, such as â€Å"drawn and quartered. † Similarly, the Umayyad prevailed against people groups from Saudi Arabia all the way West to Morocco in Northern Africa.Unlik e later Islamic dynasties, the Umayyad were mostly concentrated on power and the conquering of land by their brutal military tactics. With their capital at the central location of Damascus, in Syria, they were able to govern and expand their large Islamic kingdom effectively. Overall, both the Mongol and Umayyad empires expanded through military conquest during their rise to power. The Umayyad dynasty was formed from a clan of prominent Meccan merchants in Arabia.From their established reputations and connections throughout the region, they were able to rise to power and stabilize the Islamic community. Unlike the Umayyad, the Mongols rose to power from one man, Temujin, who is better known as Genghis Khan. At the age of twelve he was orphaned and began to form alliances with other boys his age. Then, over time he had his own army that began to conquer nomadic tribes. Little by little, he began to capture what would soon be his entire Mongolian empire. Not only were the Mongols crea ted by a single man, but they were also accepting of all faiths.Ap World History Units 1-3 Study GuideThey did not persecute any specific religion; in fact they often adopted the native religions of the land because the Mongols had no strong religious influence. This allowed an easier rode to power because the conquered people felt less pressure to revolt on the Mongols. The Umayyad did the exact opposite in their empire since they were the rulers of the dar-al-Islam, or the house of Islam. They had substantial religious ties and favored Islamic people. Many times Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians and Buddhists were taxed heavily; this was called jizya.Also, people of different religions could not access wealth and positions of authority in the empire, which created an overall resentment of the Umayyads and a resistance to their rule. The Mongol and the Umayyad empires both had influential effects during the years of 500 to 1000 A. D and rose to power through many similarities and diff erences in their strategies. Overall both empires depended heavily on their military to expand territory, but they differed in the way they treated the conquered people. Both of these played a role in how each came to power, and also the total effect they left on the world.

Communication Protocols essays

Communication Protocols essays Differences in Communication Protocols Telecommunications is the electronic sharing of information. The information shared may take the forms of audio, data, or video. Technologies for communicating information include traditional telephones, wireless cellular technologies, and networked computers. This paper will cover highlights of historical telecommunications technologies, present telecommunications systems, and future telecommunications technologies. Telecommunications spans diverse physical media and transmission protocols. This section presents currently used technologies. Advantages and disadvantages of each technology are described in detail. Table 3 shows the comparative bandwidth available for each of these technologies, ranging from 56 kbps to 100 Mbps. Table 3. COMPARATIVE BANDWIDTHS. This table summarizes approximate theoretical data bandwidths, as gathered from the references. These numbers should not be taken as absolutes; the following text should supplement the numbers. The Plain Old Telephone System, also known as POTS, is the most widespread and lowest cost telecommunications technology available today. Since it was designed to carry voice conversations, the telephone companies placed a restriction on the amount of information needed to accurately reproduce voice. First of all, they determined that spoken conversations rarely exceed 4 kHz in frequency (8 kHz sampled); music, however, does involve higher frequencies, up to the 20 kHz detectable by the human ear. By bandwidth limiting telephone conversations to 8 kHz, the telephone companies could multiplex multiple conversations on a single communications channel. This made the telephone companies' infrastructures more cost-effective. Since voice is analog (i.e. varying, not discrete) in nature, a telephone conversation is transmitted as an analog waveform from a standard telephone to the central office. The conversation is then converted to digital for...

Serial Comma in Business Writing

Serial Comma in Business Writing In nearly every business writing course I lead, the subject of whether or not to use a serial comma (also called an oxford comma) comes up. There is always strong opinion. I actually dreaded writing this article. I was scarred by this subject while in graduate school studying composition and rhetoric, when I had to write a 10-page paper on the history and merits/detriments of the serial comma. I had to present my research and opinion to my classmates, who not surprisingly loved to debate grammar. The argument about whether the serial comma should or should not be included lasted over two hours. We never did come to any consensus. This controversy probably exists because there is no grammar â€Å"rule.† Just convention. And, style guides differ. To define: a serial comma is the optional comma used at the end of a list. The most common conjunctions in a list are â€Å"and† and â€Å"or.† The serial comma is the comma that comes before the conjunction: I like cookies, cupcakes(,) and gumdrops. (The comma before and is the serial comma.) TED Talks provide an excellent illustrative summary: Let me tip my hand, and give you my opinion on this business grammar issue, and then I’ll explain why: The customary convention in business writing is to use the serial comma. The customary convention in journalism is to omit it, historically to conserve space. The British tend to use serial commas less than Americans. It is both correct to use or not use a serial comma, so what is most important is consistency. (And, be prepared for some editors to correct you, regardless of which option you choose.) I recommend using the serial comma in business writing, since it is the customary convention. And, to me, it is much easier to consistently follow this convention, than to omit it most of the time and add it in when clarity is needed. Keep it simple. Let’s look at examples where the serial comma clarifies: When stocking your desk, be sure you have pens, pencils, paper clips(,) and pins. (The comma after pens in parentheses is the serial comma.) If you do not use a serial comma in this sentence, meaning is still quite clear, but you might wonder if you need to buy a box of paper clips and pins mixed together: When stocking your desk, be sure you have pens, pencils, paper clips and pins. Let’s examine a more ambiguous example: The job involves restocking shelves, cleaning and serving customers. (Without a serial comma before and, the sentence suggests the person doing this job will be responsible for cleaning the customers in addition to serving them.) Another example illustrating confusion that results by omitting the serial comma: â€Å"To reduce stress, I like running, yoga, meditation and visualization and quiet time alone.† Notice I omitted the serial comma here. Let’s see how this example works: No comma: To reduce stress, I like (running,) (yoga,) (meditation and visualization and quiet) time. Comma: To reduce stress, I like (running,) (yoga,) (meditation and visualization,) and (quiet) time. Recommendation Use the serial comma consistently in your business writing. Only omit it in those rare instances when it muddies meaning. Grammarians love to debate this issue, and there will never be full agreement, but for business writing, the convention is clear: use the serial comma. What is your opinion on this hotly debated grammar issue? Yes or no for the serial comma?

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 71

Reflection - Essay Example Mentorship will be the first developmental strategy and will be the primary strategy in my first year of development, and later a secondary strategy. Professional workshop will be my secondary strategy in my first and second year of development while academic learning will be my key strategy in my second year. I will evaluate my progress after the end of each development strategy and self-assessment and independent assessment by a human resource personnel will evaluate my mentorship and workshops’ outcomes while academic tests will evaluate my academic outcomes. Success in developing these skills will be of great value to a potential employer. With communication and interpersonal competencies, together with leadership and adaptability potentials, I shall be able to organize and coordinate activities in the employer’s business towards effective and efficient operations. Research and decision-making skills will also ensure sound decisions towards the employer’s interests. Developing these skills therefore promises my intra and interpersonal competencies for attaining objectives of a potential